3 signs of head and neck cancer
Head and neck cancers account for 4% of all cancers, but most people know little about them. SSM Health speech therapist Sarah Simon has some advice on what symptoms to look for, along with preventive measures.
"Head and neck cancers primarily affect the lips, mouth, tongue, throat, and voice box," says Simon. "And a little bit less commonly, we see it in the sinuses, nasal cavity, and salivary glands."
Risk factors for developing head and neck cancers can include excessive alcohol and tobacco use. They can also be caused by the sexually transmitted human papillomavirus, or HPV. Toxic substances, radiation, and genetics can be risk factors as well.
Signs of these types of cancers include:
- a lump or sore in the mouth or throat that won't heal
- persistent sore throat
- ear pain
"If there is a family history of head and neck cancer, it is certainly worthwhile to bring it up to your doctor," says Simon. "Typically head and neck cancer is diagnosed a little bit later in life. While it does not affect a ton of younger people, it’s important to let your doctor know of any risk factors you’re aware of."
To prevent head and neck cancers, Simon recommends:
- not using tobacco products
- minimizing alcohol consumption
- getting the HPV vaccination
If you do get one of these cancers, treatments may include surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. You may also need speech therapy to learn to swallow, eat and communicate more effectively. Simon says many patients find strength and comfort in support groups.